The key role of knowledge-oriented leadership in innovation performance of manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province

The main objective of the study was to investigate the impact of knowledge oriented leadership on the innovation performance regarding to the role of knowledge management practices in manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. The research is applied in terms of objective, and its methodology is descriptive. The population of study included manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. To select a sample, convenience method was used .According to the Cochrane limited formula, total of 282 people were selected. Cronbach's alpha for reliability of the questionnaire was used. In this study, data were analyzed, by descriptive analysis, structural equation modeling and path analysis using SPSS 22 and Lisrel 8.50. Findings show that knowledgeoriented leadership has effect on creation of knowledge and application knowledge. Knowledge creation and application of knowledge has effect on the innovation performance. It was found that knowledge management practices has a mediating role in the relationship between knowledge -oriented leadership and innovation performance.


INTRODUCTION
Companies can use knowledge-oriented leadership to develop knowledge management practices and to improve the willingness of employees in their innovation performance. Managers should establish the ideal contextual conditions to propel and optimize the organization's use of knowledge management practices and initiatives through the design of tools such as human resource management practices (Lin, 2011).
Innovation performance is combination of overall success of the organization in order to modernize and improve the result of the efforts made and the implementation of various aspects of innovation in the organization. In the literature, innovation performance is one of the most important drivers of other functional aspects of the organization regarding to the continuous efforts to improve, renew, exploration, learning from mistakes, compromise the competitive environment to quickly (Gunday et al., 2011). This concept can be achieved through exploratory innovation by reform of existing knowledge and skills development, customer needs and occur respond to environmental conditions (Zhou & Wu, 2010). Innovation performance help to new product and process in organizations and considered as a competitive advantage (Xu and Li, 2009). It is critical for companies to remain competitive and successful way to compete with market changes. The higher performance of enterprise innovation activities be related. Successful innovation can help companies achieve greater profits (Martinez, 2014). innovation performance is obtained for product development and new manufacturing processes or improving existing processes (Moradi et al., 2013). Adopting new behavior and new idea or innovation to be taken in order to function (Tamay -Torres et al., 2010). Innovation performance is will often appear with the number of achievements, records and reports new projects that take part in routine work is claimed, will be displayed. Also, the quality of new products and new processes with rival represents the company's innovation practice  (Hung, 2011). Companies quickly adapt to changes made possible through innovation performance created and are protected against environmental instability with regard to performance, profit increased their market participation (Zehir et al., 2012). knowledge-oriented leadership implies role of knowledge management practices of companies in order to realize the opportunities for innovation (Donate & de pablo, 2014). Leaders must act as a advisor so that employees can recognize how knowledge management practices and job help them guaranty communications. Communications is vital for leaders to clearly show their expectations of the company and eliminate communication barriers (Schermehorn, 2012).
In this research, knowledge management practices are included two dimensions. Knowledge creation makes a stronger commitment in R&D activities and are useful for creative learning experiences (

INNOVATION PERFORMANCE
The process of innovation performance in the application of new or improved services and delivery of products or technology to increase efficiency is concerned and in terms of the introduction of new or significantly improved process will be measured. Innovation performance according to the introduction of new methods or improve existing methods of how to work, how to organize and establish the effectiveness and efficiency of defined channel foreign cooperation to increase the company's internal operations. According to the introduction of new or improved organizational innovation performance in job training or internal knowledge sharing, flexible work, supply management or the management of production, output specific tasks and relationships with suppliers, customers or government measured. Marketing innovation performance is referred to introduce new or improved methods that help to the effectiveness of the service or cognition customers in terms of sales and marketing (Cho et al., 2011). Today, companies that focus their innovation performance, market share and profits to significantly increase (Moradi et al., 2013).

KNOWLEDGE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP
Knowledge-oriented leadership rather than the position of the association focused, innovative learning processes and of the influence of subjective knowledge exchange, implicit and explicit support over time (Peet, 2012). Knowledge-oriented leadership is defined as the process by which individual members of other groups supporting the learning cycle needed to achieve the goals of a group or organization. Knowledge leadership may develop mechanisms to respond and control the sharing of knowledge with customers to help. Knowledge-oriented leadership is defined as the process by which individual members of other groups supporting the learning cycle needed to achieve the goals of a group or organization. Leadership development mechanism for accountability and control possible knowledge sharing with customers help (Yang et al, 2014).

APPLICATION KNOWLEDGE AND CREATION KNOWLEDGE
To create knowledge, knowledge-oriented leadership creates condition that leads to a stronger commitment to R & D activities for innovative learning and be tested (Von Krogh et al., 2012). Application of knowledge on the integration and application of knowledge to solve easier problem and the effectiveness of its organizational activities focused ( Zack et al.,2009). The ultimate goal of knowledge management, application of knowledge to improve the performance of the organization. Knowledge will be invaluable when applied to (Nikookar et al., 2014). In the literature we have to admit that the leadership is broader knowledge-oriented companies, knowledge management practices will be developed and therefore affect the performance of innovation. In general, using the conceptual model of literature can be found as follows:

HYPOTHESES
Based on the objectives defined hypothesis of the present study are as follows: Hypothesis 1: knowledge creation has effect on innovation performance of manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. Hypothesis 2: Application of knowledge has effect on the innovation performance of manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. Hypothesis 3: knowledge-oriented leadership has effect on creation knowledge of , manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. Hypothesis 4: knowledge-oriented leadership has effect on manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province. Hypothesis 5: knowledge-oriented leadership has effect on innovation performance of manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan province.

METHODOLOGY
The study is based on research design of descriptive and applied on the basis of objective and in terms of data collection, field. In this study, structural equation modeling and path analysis using the software LISREL to analyze theoretical framework on assumptions. population of study include manufacturing and commercial companies of Guilan Province, and their number is about 2600. In

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this study, convenience sampling method was used. Because the number of manufacturing and commercial companies is limited, Cochran sampling formula used. One of the common tools for data collection is questionnaire.

FINDINGS
Before examining hypotheses, it is necessary to consider mean, standard deviation and variance. The situation with respect to both the standard and the significant estimates are as follows: After the testing models, it is necessary to the structural model showing the relationship between latent variables investigation, to be provided. Using the structural model can be used to check the hypotheses. Structural model study was conducted using LISREL software version 8.5. The following chart shows the overall research on the standard estimate.
The next output coefficients and parameters obtained significant part of the overall study shows the measurement model. The significance test between the individual coefficients greater than 1.96 and 1.96 is smaller. It can be concluded that according to the significant numbers of coefficients and the relationships between variables all hypothesis were confirmed. Standard and T value model are shown respecively.

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According to the base significant model, the t-statistic is equal to 4.27 and from there outside of the range [1.96 & 1.96] denotes the hypothesis is confirmed. According to the standard model can be said that the relationship between knowledge creation and innovation performance is equal to 0.28. In other words the creation of knowledge by 28 percent by the Guilan and commercial innovation in manufacturing firms are related. The second hypothesis about the impact of knowledge on innovation performance. According to the base model in significant research, the tstatistic is equal to 8.23 and from there out of range [1.96 & 1.96] This hypothesis remains to be confirmed. According to the standard model can be said that in relation to the application of science and innovation performance is equal to 0.53, in other words the application of science to the amount of 53% of the innovation performance in related manufacturing and commercial Guilan province. The third hypothesis is referred to the impact of the knowledge-oriented leadership on creation knowledge. According to the base significant model, the t-statistic is equal to 11.25, and from there out of range

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
According to the analysis of the findings, it can be said as the impact of knowledge on innovation performance was confirmed, managers of companies, with a certain type of knowledgeoriented leadership for development and improvement of technology regarding to R&D activities and convenient use of technology help innovation performance. Company's investment can effect on R&D activities and experienced unit in order to development and improvement of technology. According to the findings of a study the impact of the application of knowledge on the innovation performance was confirmed. Also, access to relevant information and key knowledge and use of scientific knowledge used and the integration of different groups can lead to innovation International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences Vol. 62 5 performance. Managers by organizing knowledge and its application and use in different units from offer customers, vendors can play an important role in the application of knowledge. According to the analysis of the results showed that knowledge-oriented leadership has effect on knowledge creation. Because of weaknesses in the management of knowledge and innovation, leadership duties conform at issue in the assessment and external knowledge sharing and stored faced by managers. Commercial and manufacturing companies can help to individuals who operate in R&D activities through investment absorption in market. Since the findings of the study showed that the use of effective leadership, knowledge, managers should seek to establish a working group of experts from the sub-units of information terminals that if the problems encountered to help them through the integrated application of knowledge the knowledge to be solved. Company considering new ideas and changes, increasing their capacity to use scientific background to be able to have a sustainable competitive advantage over competitors in the innovation performance gain. According to analysis of the impact of research findings on innovation performance knowledge-oriented leadership was confirmed. Also, managers can plan using appropriate knowledge and learning through visual learning on how to do rival's products improvement. Manufacturing companies will also have to take advantage of new ideas to think about delivering products in accordance with the wishes and demands of their customers, and if otherwise, they can't compete with rivals.