Evaluation of the Effect of Planting Distance and Harvesting Time on the Carotenoids and Phytochemicals of Selected Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties

Kalu, Obianuju Orimma; Ojimelukwe, Philippa Chinyere; Ukom, Anthony N.

doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.66.17

ILNS > ILNS Volume 66 > Evaluation of the Effect of Planting Distance and...

< Back to Volume

Evaluation of the Effect of Planting Distance and Harvesting Time on the Carotenoids and Phytochemicals of Selected Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties

Full Text PDF

Abstract:

We evaluated the carotenoid profile and concentration (by HPLC) and the phytochemical content of two OFSP varieties (Umuspo 3 and Ex-Igbariam) planted at three distances (20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm) and harvested in two different periods (12^th and 16^th weeks after planting) respectively. Carotene contents of the outer peel and inner flesh of the sweet potato varieties were also determined. The results showed wide variation in the carotenoid and phytochemical content among the varieties at different planting spaces and harvest periods. Umuspo 3 planted at 20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm had significantly greater carotenoid concentration than Ex-Igbariam variety. The predominant carotenoid was β-carotene with highest concentration obtained from 40 cm planting distance (92.82µg/g) and 30 cm (80.97µg/g) for Umuspo 3. Ex-Igbariam at 30 cm planting distance contained 2.51µg/g β-carotene when harvested after 16^th weeks. Also the highest β-carotene concentration was from Umuspo 3 flesh sample planted 30 and 40 cm (409.45 and 441.15 mg/100g) and the peel for samples planted 30 and 40 cm (490.47 and 640.69 mg/100g, respectively) at the 12^th week of harvest. Flavonoids were present in significant amounts (310.62mg/100g) in Umuspo 3 planted at 30 cm and harvested after 12^th week while in total polyphenol, significant quantities of ≈42.12mg/100g was present in Ex-Igbariam spaced at 30 cm and 40 cm and harvested after 16^th week. Provitamin A carotenoid was calculated and Umuspo 3 pro-vitamin A carotenoid was significantly higher (p< 0.05) with highest concentration (742.26 RE/100g) present in samples from 40 cm planting distance. The results showed that planting space and harvesting period had significant impact on the carotenoid and phytochemical concentrations of OFSP varieties. Planting distances of 30 and 40 cm are recommended for high carotenoid content in the two sweet potato varieties.

Info:

Periodical:

International Letters of Natural Sciences (Volume 66)

Pages:

17-26

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.66.17

Citation:

O. O. Kalu et al., "Evaluation of the Effect of Planting Distance and Harvesting Time on the Carotenoids and Phytochemicals of Selected Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties", International Letters of Natural Sciences, Vol. 66, pp. 17-26, 2017

Online since:

November 2017

Authors:

Obianuju Orimma Kalu, Philippa Chinyere Ojimelukwe, Anthony N. Ukom

Keywords:

Carotenoid, Harvesting Period, OFSP Ex-Igbariam, Orange Fleshed Sweet Potatoes Umuspo 3, Phytochemicals, Planting Space

Export:

RIS, BibTeX, Text

Distribution:

Open Access

This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References:

[1] N. Kunsteelj, D. Znidarcic, B. Ster, Employing artificial neutral networks and egressions in analysis on knowledge about sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) in Slovenia, Ital. J. Food Sc. 25(3) (2013) 263-274.

[2] N. Kunsteelj, D. Znidarcic, B. Ster, Using association rules mining for sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) in Slovenia: A case study, J. Food, Agric. and Environ. 1(1) (2013) 253-258.

[3] A.N. Ukom, G.O. Azubuike, N.L. Nwanagba, Varietal differences in the chemical Composition and functional properties of some sweet potato varieties grown in Umudike, Inter. J. Applied Research and Tech. 5(10) (2016) 18-27.

[4] U.J. Ukpabi, E.A. Ekeledo, Feasibility of using orange fleshed sweet potato as an alternative to carrot in Nigerian salad preparation, Agric. J. 4(5) (2009) 216-218.

[5] Hellen Keller International, Biofortification: Orange Fleshed Sweet potato, Park Avenue South, New York, (2011).

[6] J. Joog-Keun et al., Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidative activities in parts of sweet potato (Ipomoea batata L. ) plants and in home processed roots, J. Food Composition and Analysis. 24(1) (2011) 29-37.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2010.03.025

[7] R. Kurata et al., Growth suppression of human cancer cells by polyphenolics from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. ) leaves, J. Agric. and Food Chem. 55(1) (2007) 185-190.

[8] B. Ludvik, M. Hansfeld, M. Pacini, Improved metabolic control by Ipomoea batatas (Caiapo) is associated with increased adiponectin and decreased fibrinogen levels in type 2 diabetic subjects, Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 10 (2008) 586-592.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00752.x

[9] D.J. Huang et al., Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of sweet potato (Ipomoea) batatas [L. ] Lam Tainong 57, ) constituents, Botanical Bulletin Academia Sinica. 45 (2004) 179-186.

[10] M.S. Padda, D.H. Picha, Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition in Beauregard, sweetpotato are affected by root size and leaf age, J. Am. Society for Horticultural Sc. 132(4) (2007) 447-448.

[11] I. Etela, G.A. Kalio, Yields components and 48h rumen dry matter degradation of three sweet potato varieties in N'dama steers as influenced by date of harvesting, J. Agric. and Social Research. 11(2) (2011) 15-21.

[12] D.C. Sands et al., Evaluating optimal human nutrition to a central goal of plant breeding and production of plant-based foods, Plant Science. 177 (2009) 377-389.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.07.011

[13] J.B. Harborne, C.A. Williams, Advances in flavonoid research since 1992, J. Phytochem. 55 (2000) 481-492.

[14] D.B. Rodriguez-Amaya, M. Kimura, Harvestplus handbook for carotenoids analysis, Harvestplus, Washington D. C. and Cali, Columbia, (2004).

[15] J.A. Howe, S.A. Tanumihardjo, Evaluation of analytical methods for carotenoids from biofortified maize (Zea mays sp. ), J. Agric. Food Chem. 54 (2006) 7992-7994.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062256f

[16] Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), Standard Official Methods of Analysis, 17th edition (2001), Virginia.

[17] G. Loebensten, G. Thottappilly, The Sweetpotato, Springer Science & Business Media, (2009).

[18] A.N. Ukom, P.C. Ojimelukwe, E.O. Alamu, All-trans-cis β-carotene content of selected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) varieties as influenced by different levels of nitrogen fertilizer application, Afr. J. Food Sci. 5(3) (2011) 131-137.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2009.1791.1795

[19] R. Ferede et al., Identification and quantification of major carotenoids of deep yellow-fleshed yam (tropical Dioscorea dumentorium), J. Food, Agric. and Environ. 8(3-4) (2010) 160-166.

[20] A. Champagne et al., Carotenoid profiling of tropical root crop chemotypes from Vanuatu, South Pacific, J. Food Composition and Analysis. 23(8) (2010) 767-771.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2010.03.021

[21] H. Ceballos et al., Spatial distribution of dry matter in yellow fleshed cassava roots and its influence on carotenoid retention upon boiling, Food Research International. 45(1) (2012) 52-59.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.10.001

[22] A.N. Ukom et al., Proximate composition and carotenoid profile of yams (Dioscorea spp. ) and cocoyam (Xanthosoma maffa (Scoth) root tubers from Nigeria, Am. J. Food and Nutr. 4(1) (2014) 1-10.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/star.201500114

[23] Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization, Human vitamin and mineral requirements. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, Bangkok, Thailand. Food and Nutrition Division, FAO Rome, (2001).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/156482650602700117

[24] J.J. Paul et al., Β-carotene rich orange-fleshed sweet potato improves the vitamin A status of primary school children assessed with the modified-relative-dose-respose test 1, 2, 3, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 8(5) (2005) 1080-1087.

[25] L. M. K´osambo et al., Influence of age, farming site and boiling on pro-vitamin A content in sweet potato (Ipomea batatas (L. ) Lam) storage roots, J. Food Composition and Analysis 11 (1999) 305-321.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1998.0591

[26] C. Rojas-Garbanzo et al., Identification and quantification of carotenoids by HPLC-DAD during the processing of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K. ) flour, Food Research Inter. 44 (2011) 2377-2384.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.045

Show More Hide

Cited By:

[1] L. Ndah, P. Ojimelukwe, "Effect of Planting Distance and Harvesting Period on the Composition, and Quality Parameters of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties (Umuspo-1 and Ex-Onyunga)", Sustainable Food Production, Vol. 6, p. 33, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/SFP.6.33

[2] P. Ojimelukwe, U. Okpanku, "Soil Nutrient Management Practices Influence the Carotenoid Content and Profile of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Variety (UMUSPO 3)", Sustainable Food Production, Vol. 8, p. 38, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/SFP.8.38