Subscribe

Subscribe to our Newsletter and get informed about new publication regulary and special discounts for subscribers!

ILNS > Volume 35 > Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy...
Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy Varieties
< Back to Volume

Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy Varieties

Full Text PDF

Abstract:

Chromium is a serious heavy metal and it is considered as an environmental hazard. Toxicity effects of chromium on growth and development of plants including inhibition of germination process decrease of growth and biomass of plant. The aim of this research is to study the accumulation of Cr and its effect on the Germination and growth of some paddy varieties. Thus, the varieties such as ADT-43, ADT-45, IR-50, TKM-9, CO-33, ASD-16 and CO-43 are grown in petriplates treated with different concentrations of Chromium (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L). After one week exposure the seedlings were removed and morphophysiological parameters like germination percentage, seedling length and dry weight of paddy varieties and accumulation of Cr were determined. The results indicated that the concentrations more than 100 mg/L chromium cause the reduction of morphophysiological parameters in the treatments rather than control and Cr addition in the cultures caused enhancement of chromium content in roots and shoots of plant seedlings. It was also noted that accumulation of chromium in the roots was much higher than the shoots of the paddy seedlings under treatment.

Info:

Periodical:
International Letters of Natural Sciences (Volume 35)
Pages:
36-44
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.35.36
Citation:
M. Nagarajan and K. S. Ganesh, "Toxic Effects of Chromium on Growth of some Paddy Varieties", International Letters of Natural Sciences, Vol. 35, pp. 36-44, 2015
Online since:
Mar 2015
Authors:
M. Nagarajan, K. Sankar Ganesh
Keywords:
Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Nickel, Uranium, Vanadium, Zinc
Export:
RIS, BibTeX, Text
Distribution:
Open Access

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References:

Adriano, D.C., A.C. Chang, P.E. Pratt and R. Sharpless, 1973. Effects of soil application of dairy manure on germination and emergence of some selected crops. J. Environ. Qual., 396-399.

Bishnoi, N.R., A. Dua, V.K. Gupta and S.K. Sawhney, 1993a. Effect of chromium on seed germination, seedling growth and yield of peas. Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 48: 47-57.

Castilhos, D.D., C.D.N. Costa, C.C. Passianoto, A.C.R. De lima, C.L.R. De lima and V. Muller, 2001. Hexavalent chromium effects on soybeans growth, nitrogen fixation and nutrients absorption. Ciencia Rural Santa Maria, 31: 969-972.

Chandra, P. and K. Kulshreshtha, 2004. Chromium accumulation and toxicity in aquatic vascular plants. Bot. Rev., 70: 313-327.

Dahiya, D.S., N. Kumar, J. Bhardwaj, P. Kumar, A.S. Nandwal and M.K. Sharma, 2003. Interactive effect of chromium and phosphorus on growth, dry matter yield and their distribution in wheat shoot. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 8: 129-132.

Deng, H., Z.H. Ye and M.H. Wong, 2004. Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plants species thriving in metal contaminated sites in China. Environ. Poll., 132: 29-40.

Dirilgen, N. and F. Dogan, 2002. Speciation of chromium in the presence of copper and zinc and their combined toxicity. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe., 53: 397-403.

Dixit, A., M. Lalman and S.K. Srivastava, 1986. Effect of cardboard factory effluent on seed germination and early seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa) seeds. Seed Res., 14: 66-71.

Dua, A. and S.K. Sawhney, 1991. Effect of chromium on activities of hydrolytic enzymes in germinating pea seeds. Environ. Exp. Bot., 31: 133-139.

Ghosh, M. and S.P. Singh, 2005. Comparative uptake and phytoextraction study of soil induced chromium by accumulator and high biomass weed species. App. Ecol. Environ. Res., 3: 67-79.

Han, F.X., B.B. Sridhar and D.L. Monts, 2004. Phytoavailability and toxicity of trivalent and hexavalent chromium to Brassica juncea, New Phytol., 162: 489-499.

Jain, R., S. Srivastava and V.K. Madan, 2000. Influence of chromium on growth and cell division of sugarcane. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 5: 228-231.

Joshi, U.N., S.S. Rathore and S.K. Arora, 1999. Effect of chromium on growth and development of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. ). Indian J. Environ. Protect., 19: 745-749.

Kadlec, R.H. and R.L. Knight, 1996. Treatment of wetlands. Boca Raton, FL, Lewis, CRC Press.

Nicolo, C., C. Pietro and S. Nicolo, 1995. Inorganic lead exposure, CRC Press, Florida, p.39.

Panda, S.K. and S. Choudhury, 2005. Toxic metals in plants: Chromium stress in plants. Braz. J. Plant Physiol., 17: 131-136.

Piper, C., 1966. Soil and plant analysis. Asian Hans Publishers, Bombay, pp.11-36.

Qian, H.J., A. Zayed, L.Y. Zhu, M. Yu and N. Terry, 1999. Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants. III. Uptake and accumulation of ten trace elements by twelve plant species. J. Environ. Qual., 28: 1448-1455.

Rai, U.N., P. Vajpayee, S.N. Singh and S. Mehrotra, 2004. Effect of chromium accumulation on photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress defense system, nitrate reduction, proline level and eugenol content of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Plant Sci., 167: 1159-1169.

Rai, U.N., R.D. Tripathi, S. Sinha and P. Chandra, 1995. Chromium and cadmium bioaccumulation and toxicity in Hydrilla verticillata Royle and Chara coralline. J. Environ. Sci. Health, 30: 537-551.

Sahasraraman, A. and J. Bulijan, 2000. Environment management in Indian tanneries, 34 th LERIG, pp.34-44.

Sankar Ganesh, K., AL.A. Chidambaram, P. Sundaramoorthy, L. Baskaran and M. Selvaraj, 2006a. Influence of chromium and cadmium on germination, seedling growth and photosynthetic pigments of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. ). Indian J. Environ. Ecoplan., 12: 291-296.

Sankar Ganesh, K., L. Baskaran, S. Rajasekaran, K. Sumathi, AL.A. Chidambaram and P. Sundaramoorthy, 2008. Chromium stress induced alterations in biochemical and enzyme metabolism in aquatic and terrestrial plants. Colloid. Surface. B, 63: 159-163.

Sankar Ganesh, K., P. Sundaramoorthy and AL.A. Chidambaram, 2006b. Chromium toxicity effect on blackgram, soybean and paddy. Poll. Res., 25: 257-261.

Sankar Ganesh, 2009. Response of paddy cultivars to chromium pollution., Ph.D. Thesis., Annamalai university.

Satyakala, G. and K. Jamil, 1992. Chromium induced biochemical changes in Eichhornia crassipes (Merof. ) Solms. and Pistia stratiotes L. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 48: 921-928.

Shanker, A.K., M. Djanaguiraman, R. Sudhagar, C.N. Chandrashekar and G. Pathmanabhan, 2004. Differential antioxidative response of ascorbate glutathione pathway enzymes and metabolites to chromium speciation stress in greengram (Vigna radiata (L. ) R. Wilczek, cv. CO 4) roots. Plant Sci., 166: 1035-1043.

Srivastava, R.K., 1991. Effect of paper mill effluent on seed germination and seedling growth performance of radish and onion. J. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Monit., 1: 13-18.

Subramani, A., P. Sundaramoorthy, S. Saravanan, M. Selvaraj and A.S. Lakshmanachary, 1999. Screening of groundnut cultivars for chromium sensitivity. Ecoprint, 6: 61-65.

Tripathi, R.D. and S. Smith, 2000. Effect of chromium on growth and physiology of giant duck weed Spirodella polyrrhiza (L. ) Schileiden. In: Yunus, M.N., L. Singh and J. de Kok (eds. ), Environmental Stress: Indication, Mitigation and Ecoconservation, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Northlands, pp.195-205.

Zayed, A., C.M. Lytle, J.H. Qian and N. Terry, 1998. Chromium accumulation, translocation and chemical speciation in vegetable crops. Planta, 206: 293-299.

Zeid, I.M., 2001. Response of Phaseolus vulgaris to chromium and cobalt treatment. Biol. Plantarum, 44: 111-115. ( Received 17 February 2015; accepted 01 March 2015 ).

Show More Hide