This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
[1] Wild. A (1995); Soil and the Environment: An Introduction, Cambridge University press. 109-165.
[2] Asomani-Boateng R., Murray H. (1999): Reusing organic solid waste in urban farming in African cities: a challenge for urban planners. In: Olanrewaju B.S. (ed. ): Urban Agriculture in West Africa, Canada, 210.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3828/twpr.21.4.5537184l37847u14[3] Woodbury P.B. (2005): Municipal solid waste composting: potential effects of heavy metals in municipal solid waste composts on plants and the environment. Available at: http: /www. css. cornell. edu/compost/mswfactsheets/msw. fs5. html.
[4] NI EHS National Institute of Environmental Health Services (2004): Waste: Landfill., Available at: http: /www. niehs. nih. gov/external/faq/landfill. htm.
[5] Fatoki O.S. (2000): Trace zinc and copper concentration in road side vegetation and surface soils: a measurement of local atmospheric pollution in Alice, South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 57: 501–513.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207230008711293[6] Awokunmi E.E., Asaolu S.S., Ipinmoroti K.O., (2010): Effect of leading on heavy metal concentration of soil in some dumpsites. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Vol. 4 (8) p.495 – 499.
[7] Abenchi E. S, Okunola O. J, Zubairu S.M. J, Usman A. A., Apene E . (2010): Evaluation of Heavy metals in roadside soils of major streets in Jos Metropolis, Nig. J. Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol. 2(6): 98 -102.
[8] Krishna A. K, Govil P. K (2007): Soil contamination due to heavy metals from an industrial area of Surat, Gujarat, Western India. Environ Monitoring Assess. 124: 263-275.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-006-9224-7[9] Kakulu S. E (1993): Biological monitoring of atmospheric trace metal deposition in North Eastern Nigeria. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 28: 137 - 143.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00547032[10] Allison L. E (1960): Wet-combustion apparatus and procedure for organic and inorganic carbon in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. pp.36-40.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1960.03615995002400010018x[11] Ibitoye A. A (2006): Laboratory Manual on Basic Soil analysis. 2nd edition. Foladave Nig. ltd. Pp. 32 - 36.
[12] Awofolu O. R (2005): A survey of trace metals in the vegetation, soil and lower animals along some selected major and roads in metropolitan city of Lagos. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 105: 431 - 447.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-4440-0[13] Oyedele D. J, Obioh I. B, Adejumo J. A, Oluwole A. F, Aina P. O, Asubiojo O. I (1995). Lead contamination of soils and vegetation in the vicinity of a lead smelter in Nigeria. The Sci. of the Total Environment, 1732: 189-195.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04810-3[14] Kothai, P.; Prathibha, P.; Saradhi, I. V.; Pandit, G. G.; Puranik, V. D., (2009): Characterization of atmospheric particulate matter using pixe technique. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Eng., 1 (1), 27 – 30.
[15] Muller G., (1969); Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River, Journal of Geol. 2 108–118.
[16] Lacatusu R (2000).
[17] Aiyesanmi, A.F. (2008): Baseline heavy metal concentrations in river sediments within Okitipupa southeast belt of the Nigerian bituminous sand field. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria, 33(2): 29-41.
[18] Simex, S. A.; Helz, G. R., (1981): Regional geochemistry of trace elements in Chesapeake Bay. Environ. Geo., 3 , 315- 323.
[19] Loska, K.; Wiechula, D.; Barska, B.; Cebula, E.; Chojnecka, A., (2003): Assessment of arsenic enrichment of cultivated soils in Southern Poland. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 12 (2), 187 – 192.
[20] Seshan, B. R. R.; Natesan, U.; Deepthi, K., (2010): Geochemical and statistical approach for evaluation of heavy metal pollution in core sediments in southeast coast of India. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 7 (2), 291-306.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03326139[21] Ong, M. C.; Kamaruzzaman, B. Y., (2009): An assessment of metal (Pb and Cu) contamination in bottom sediments from South China Sea coastal waters, Malaysia. Am. J. Appl. Sci., 6 (7), 1418-1423.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2009.1418.1423[22] Sutherland, R. A., (2000): Bed sediment associated trace metals in an urban stream Oahu. Hawaii. Environ. Geo., 39 (6), 611-627.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050473[23] Tomilson, D. C.; Wilson, D. J.; Harris, C. R.; Jeffrey, D. W., (1980): Problem in assessment of heavy metals in estuaries and the formation of pollution index. Helgol. Wiss. Meeresunlter, 33 (1-4), 566-575.
[24] Woodbury P.B. (2005): Municipal solid waste composting: potential effects of heavy metals in municipal solid waste composts on plants and the environment. Available at: http: /www. css. cornell. edu/compost/mswfactsheets/msw. fs5. html.
[25] Radojevic M., Bashkin V.N. (2006): Practical Environmental Analysis. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 389.
[26] Ebong G.A., Akpan M.M., Mkpenie V.N. (2008).
[27] Forstner U., Ahlf W., Calmano W. (1993): Sediment quality objectives and criteria development in Germany. Water Science and Technology, 28: 307.
[28] Madejon, P.; Murillo, J. M.; Maranon, T.; Espinar, J. L.; Cabrera, F., (2006): Accumulation of As, Cd and selected trace elements in tubers of Scirpus maritimus L. from Donana marshes (South Spain). Chemosphere, 64 (5), 742-748.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.11.032[29] Kloke A, Sauerbeck DR, Vetter H (1984): Changing metal cycles and human health, (ed .J.O. Nriagu). Spinger-Verlag, Berlin. pp.113-141.
[1] V. Nascimento, A. Sobral, P. Andrade, J. Ometto, N. Yesiller, "Modeling Environmental Susceptibility of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Sites: A Case Study in São Paulo State, Brazil", Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 09, p. 8, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2017.91002